One of the Wonders of the Natural World

The world s largest coral reef is the Great Barrierthe Great Barrier Reef. Six species of sea turtle come
Reef which composes of roughly 3000 individual reefsto the reef to breed Olive Ridley, Green Sea Turtle,
and 900 islands. The reef is located in the Coral SeaHawksbill Turtle, Leatherback Sea Turtle, Loggerhead
off the coast of Queensland s in the northeast ofSea Turtle and Flat Back Turtles. Over 200 species of
Australia. The Great Barrier Reef is one of thebirds live on the Reef, including the Roseate Tern and
wonders of the natural world it is the world s largestWhite bellies Sea Eagle. More than 1500 species of
coral reef ecosystem. It was declared a Worldfish live on the reef, including the, Red Bass, Clownfish,
Heritage in 1981.Red Throat Emperor, and several species of
More than two million people visit the reef each yearSnappers and Coral Trout. 400 species of corals, both
generating more than 2 billion Austailian Dollors insoft corals and hard coral are found on the reef.
tourism dollars. Most of the visitors come to go out onDue to its vast, warm clear waters and its accessibility
the reef.from the floating guest facilities called live aboards, the
A scourge of the reef is bleaching where the coralsreef is a very popular destination for the tourists,
have died in large numbers. This phenomenon is notespecially scuba divers. Many cities along the
exclusive to Queensland s Great Barrier Reef, but hasQueensland coast offer boat trips to the reef on a
been observed on reefs throughout the world. It isdaily basis. Several continental islands have been
thought the bleaching has been caused by rises inturned into holiday resorts.
water temperature, although the evidence is notTownsville and Cairns are the largest of these coastal
conclusive.cities with populations of approximately 150,000 each.
Another one of the dangers to the habitat is theUnlike most reef environments worldwide, the Reef is
Crown of Thorns starfish. Since the 1960s the Crownthe only one where the water catchments area is a
of Thorns have been destroying the corals whichhome to the industrialised urban areas and where
make up the reef.extensive areas of coastal lands and rangelands have
The Reef supports a diversity of life, 30 species ofbeen used for agricultural and pastoral purposes.
whales, porpoises and dolphins, have been recorded in